Bibliotherapy as a Tool to Support the Psychosocial Functioning of Seniors in Crisis Situations

Abstract

This article presents the results of a research conducted by the author during regular sessions in the field of bibliotherapy and poetry therapy with students of Universities of the Third Age in Kraków, Wieliczka, and Oświęcim, using works by Polish and foreign writers. It has been demonstrated that reading prose and poetry in senior years effectively supports cognitive functions and abilities, enhances mentalization capabilities, stimulates memory trace consolidation, improves attention functions, reduces anxiety, strengthens resilience, alleviates ailments associated with the aging process, and impacts the quality of life of seniors and their adaptation to old age. Poetry possesses therapeutic qualities due to the simultaneous action of emotions, thoughts, and rhythm. Metaphors and symbolism used in poetic works resonate with the reader's emotions and may affect their mental and physical well-being. The aim of the research was to create a model for bibliotherapeutic activities and to construct a scale for measuring the empowerment provided by prose and poetry.